Ndi njira ziti zomwe zingapangitse zotsatira za ana awa?
Tsamba 8: Nkhope za Autism Spectrum Disorder
Monga tawonetsera m'gawoli, ndikofunikira kuti aphunzitsi adziwe bwino machitidwe ozikidwa pa umboni kwa ophunzira omwe ali ndi ASD ndikumvetsetsa momwe angawagwiritsire ntchito mokhulupirika. Chofunikiranso ndikuti aphunzitsi amvetsetse zosowa ndi mphamvu za ophunzira awo. Njira imodzi yochitira zimenezi ndi kupanga maubwenzi abwino ndi mabanja a ophunzirawo. Pozindikira mphamvu za mabanja (mwachitsanzo, chidziwitso chokhudza kulumala kwa mwana, chidziwitso chogwiritsa ntchito njira zomwe zikuyenda bwino ndi mwanayo kunyumba) aphunzitsi angapangitse maziko a mgwirizano wopindulitsa pakati pa sukulu ndi mabanja. Kwa ana ambiri olumala, makolo amachita nawo mbali zonse za moyo wawo, kuphatikizapo maphunziro. Aphunzitsi atha kukulitsa kulumikizana kowonjezereka mwa kukumbukira kuyang'ana kwambiri zomwe iwo ndi makolo ali nazo: chikhumbo chofuna kuwona mwana akuchita bwino kusukulu. Pamene aphunzitsi ayamba kuona kuphunzira kwa ana monga udindo wogawana ndi mabanja, amakhala okonzeka kukwaniritsa zosowa za maphunziro za mwanayo.
Onerani makanema omwe ali pansipa kuti mudziwe zambiri za ophunzira anayi omwe ali ndi ASD ndi mabanja awo. Monga momwe mudzaonera, ophunzirawa amasiyana kwambiri pa mphamvu ndi zosowa zawo. Zomwe zikuwonekeranso ndikuti makolo awa ndi akatswiri pa ana awo ndipo amapereka malangizo abwino ogwirira ntchito ndi ophunzira omwe ali ndi autism.
Tyler
Tyler wazaka zinayi amapita ku pulogalamu ya pre-K. Nthawi zambiri, Tyler ndi kamnyamata kakang'ono kokondwa komanso kolimbikira, yemwe amafunitsitsa kufotokoza zomwe akufuna komanso zosowa zake. Komabe, amavutika kufotokoza maganizo ake pakamwa, zomwe zingachititse kuti akhumudwe komanso azichita zinthu mwaukali. Tyler wapindula kwambiri kuyambira pomwe adayamba kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu atamupeza ali ndi miyezi 22. Mvetserani pamene amayi a Tyler a Bethany akutiuza zambiri za mwana wawo (nthawi: 6:23).
Zolemba: Amayi a Tyler
Amayi a Tyler: Tyler anachedwa kukwawa, kuchedwa kuyenda. Iye anali mwana wanga woyamba, mwana wanga yekhayo, koma ine ndinazindikira abwenzi anga omwe anali ndi ana a msinkhu womwewo, ana awo ankangobwebweta mochuluka ndi zinthu monga choncho. Ndipo ana awo ankayang’ana pamene dzina lawo likutchedwa. Ndipo tsiku lina ndinafika pa intaneti ndikulemba mndandanda, ndipo, ndikutanthauza, adangogwera ... Ndipo kotero zinali zodabwitsa kwambiri kuposa momwe ndimaganizira kale. Ndipo chifukwa chake ine, ngati, ndidati palibe aliyense - ngakhale adotolo olowera mwachangu - aliyense amafuna kudikirira. Ndipo pa zonse zimene ndinawerenga, simunafunikire kudikira. Mukudziwa, ndinkafuna kumupezera ntchito zonse zomwe ankafuna mwamsanga. Chotero dotolo wanga wa makutu, mphuno, ndi mmero kuno ku Vanderbilt anamutumiza, ndipo anamupeza ali ndi miyezi 18. Miyezi makumi awiri ndi iwiri, kwenikweni, koma amayamba kutumiza miyezi 18.
Mphamvu zazikulu za Tyler ndikutsimikiza mtima kwake. Ngati iye akufuna kuchita chinachake, ngati ali ndi malingaliro ake pa chinachake, iye adzachikwaniritsa icho. Iye ndi wanzeru kwambiri, ndipo zimenezi zimamutsutsanso nthawi zina chifukwa zimamupangitsa kukhala wankhanza chifukwa satha kulankhulana bwino monga momwe amafunira. Sangathe kulankhulana ndi mawu. Ndikutanthauza, ali ndi mawu ena, koma, mukudziwa, sangathe kudzifotokoza momwe angafune ndipo amakhala ndi malingaliro ndi malingaliro onsewa, ndipo satha kuwamvetsetsa, kotero amakhumudwa, mukudziwa? Chifukwa chake, zomwe amafunikira kwambiri, ndikukhulupirira, ndizosowa zake zoyankhulirana.
Tyler akakhumudwa, amatha kuchoka pakukhala wokoma kwambiri, wokondwa kwambiri, wokondwa kwambiri, kamnyamata kakang'ono komwetulira mpaka kukwiya kwambiri ndi kukwiyitsidwa, mukudziwa, amakwiya ndikukoka tsitsi ndi kuluma. Kuopa kwanga kwakukulu ndikuti, ngati sitingathe kuwongolera izi ndipo sapeza njira yolankhulirana, ndi ine ndi iye basi. Koma ngati ali wamkulu kuposa ine, chifukwa changa chonse ndi mwana wanga. Chifukwa chonse chomwe ndasankha kupereka moyo weniweni, mukudziwa, ndi chikondi changa pa iye. Ndipo ndimachita mantha kwambiri chifukwa sindingathe kulingalira moyo wanga popanda iye. Ine ndimamufuna iye kunyumba kwanga ndi ine nthawizonse, kupatula ngati iye ataganiza konse kuti akufuna kukhala mu gulu la kunyumba kapena chinachake, koma osati chifukwa iye ayenera kutero, koma chifukwa iye akufuna kutero. Inu mukudziwa, kotero, inde, pamene iye akhaladi waukali, ine ndikuwopa kuti izo zisokoneza njira ya moyo wake, inu mukudziwa, moyo wathu pamodzi.
Mukudziwa, aka ndi mawu anga oyamba ku ABA yamtundu uliwonse, ndipo ndili ngati, o, mulungu wanga, mukudziwa? Zinkawoneka zovuta kwambiri, koma tsopano ndikumvetsa kuti zinthu zina zomwe anali kuchita zinali kukonzekera iye ndi ine pazinthu zomwe ndiyenera kuyamba kuchita ndipo, mukudziwa, kukhazikitsa mtundu uliwonse wa kapangidwe kake, mtundu uliwonse wa kuyika zofuna, monga amanenera, koma, mukudziwa, ndikumulepheretsa kuyendetsa chiwonetserocho, mukudziwa, kapena angachite, mukudziwa, kapena sangachite chilichonse, ndipo tiyenera kumudziwa kuti anali mwana wanga. Ngakhale ndimamufuna kuti apange, sindimadziwa momwe angachitire, ndipo zinali choncho, mukudziwa, amangodya zakudya zopanda pake, ngakhale ali ndi miyezi 18.
Kotero izo zinkakhala kuyesera, mukudziwa, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zakudya, kuika dzanja pa dzanja lina chifukwa iye angafune kukhudza chakudya, popeza muyenera kukhudza chakudya pamene mukudya. Kumbali ina, iye ankakonda kutaya chakudya. Timakondabe kuponya nthawi zina. Zambiri zinali zocheperako, mukudziwa, m'kupita kwanthawi kuti tigwire pang'ono m'malo onse, mukudziwa, kusewera kothandiza. Ndikutanthauza, Khrisimasi yoyamba yomwe adapeza, monga, zoseweretsa zomwe, ngati, mumasewera nazo, zinali zokhumudwitsa kwa iye, ndipo sindimamvetsetsa chifukwa chake amakwiyira zoseweretsa zake, mukudziwa. Kotero izo zinali maphunziro kuyesera kusewera ndi zidole m'njira zinchito, inu mukudziwa, ndipo ine ndinkafuna kusiya, inu mukudziwa, pomupangitsa iye kuyesa chifukwa mwina iye sali okonzeka kuti, inu mukudziwa? Koma mwina sakanakhala wokonzeka ngati sakanatero, ngati sanathandize, ndi kuyesa kumukakamiza, kuti amuthandize kukhala wokonzeka.
Kuleza mtima. Khalani oleza mtima ndi ana omwe ali ndi autism. Ndipo ndikuwuzani, chabwino, ichi ndi chinthu changa chachikulu. Musamapeputse mwana yemwe ali ndi zosowa zapadera, ndipo musalole kuti akupusitseni. O, mulungu wanga, ine…Tyler adzakutalala, bambo! Adzakupangitsani kuganiza kuti ndine mwana yemwe ndimakhala pano ndikungopupuluma chifukwa sindikufuna kuti mundipangitse chilichonse. Ndikulola kuganiza kuti ndine mwana yemwe sindingathe kuchita chilichonse. Iye ndi wanzeru mokwanira, wanzeru mokwanira, kuti adziwe kuti mumamuchepetsa, ndipo azichitabe kuti musamutsutse. Ndiyeno ine kapena winawake amene anagwira naye ntchito amaziwona izo, ndipo ife tiri, monga, o, ayi, ayi. Simukumudziwa Tyler. Monga, iye ali njira wokhoza kuposa pamenepo. Wokhoza kwambiri.
Kotero musati nkomwe, kupeputsa konse, ine ndikutanthauza, chifukwa inu mukusowa, ndipo iye akusowa. Ndikutanthauza, aliyense amene Tyler amamukhudza amatha kundiuza kuti wawasintha. Ndipo iwo amukhudza iye ndi kumusintha iye. Ndikutanthauza, mphunzitsi aliyense yemwe amagwira naye ntchito, ndimatha kuwona zomwe adachita naye. Ndipo, ndikutanthauza, aliyense amayandikira kwambiri, amandiuza kuti tonse takhala tikulira naye. Ndife gulu. Mukudziwa kuti pali Team Tyler. Ndife gulu. Ndikutanthauza, ndimalankhulabe ndi anthu omwe adagwira naye ntchito zaka ziwiri zapitazo, mukudziwa. Tonsefe timasamala za kupita patsogolo kwake. Musamapeputse, ndipo musalole kuti akupusitseni.
(Tsekani gulu ili)
Tyler amagwiritsa ntchito tabuleti yokhala ndi pulogalamu yolumikizira zithunzi kuti afotokoze zomwe akufuna komanso zomwe akufuna. Mu kanema pansipa, amayi a Tyler akukambirana momwe amagwiritsira ntchito njira iyi yolumikizirana pazochitika zawo zatsiku ndi tsiku. Kenaka, Tyler ndi amayi ake akuwonetsa momwe amagwiritsira ntchito njira yolankhulirana ndi zithunzi pamene akusewera (nthawi: 6:36).
Transcript: Tyler ndi Amayi Ake
Amayi a Tyler: Zaka zoposa chaka chapitacho, tinayamba ndi Kid Talk ndi Proloquo ndi iPad yake yaying'ono. Izi zisanachitike, ine ndikutanthauza, iwo anayesa kupanga zithunzi zina ndi zizindikiro zina ndi zinthu monga choncho. Ali ndi zizindikiro zina, ndipo ali ndi mawu. Mukudziwa, nthawi ina, tinali ndi mawu ochuluka kuposa momwe timachitira tsopano. Koma amachigwiritsa ntchito ngati ndandanda yazithunzi, ndipo amatha kugwiritsa ntchito ndandanda yazithunzi kudzera muzochita. Koma sanagwirizane ndi ma PEC. Amakonda kusewera ndi makhadi. Ngati iwo sali, monga, olamuliridwa, monga, pa bolodi, pa, monga, bolodi la ndandanda ya zithunzi ndiye iye, inu mukudziwa, sali wopambana ndi iwo, ndipo izo zinatuluka pamene ine ndinawona bukhu lalikulu ilo iye akanayenera kulinyamula mozungulira ndi zina. Ndinkaganiza kuti zinali basi, mukudziwa, sindimaganiza kuti nayenso sangachite bwino. Chifukwa chake kupitilira chaka chapitacho, tidayamba ndi iPad ndi Proloquo, ndipo, ndikutanthauza, adakhazikikapo.
Inu mukudziwa, pamene ine ndimagwirizana nazo, iye amagwirizana nazo. Pamene ndimakhala wokhazikika, iye amagwirizana nazo, timapambana kwambiri, ndipo timakhala ndi ziwawa zochepa. Ndikutanthauza, ndi chilankhulo chochulukirapo chomwe tili nacho. Ndikutanthauza, ndimawona deta, ndipo ndili ngati, sindisamala. Ndikufuna kuziwona ndi maso anga. Izo sizikumveka mwachibadwa, monga, inu mukudziwa, ine ndingaganize zimenezo, inu mukudziwa, ubongo wanga umandiuza ine, kuti bwino, iye adzakhala wodalira pa izo, ndipo iye safuna kulankhula, koma izo si zoona. Tikamaugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri, timamvanso mawu olankhula. Ndikutanthauza, ndizodabwitsa chabe. Si chinachake, mukudziwa, chimene mungaganize, mukudziwa.
Tisanakhale ndi Proloquo, Tyler amatha kuyimirira ndikukuwa pamakabati ndikuloza. Chabwino, tisanaloze n’komwe, ndipo ndimakumbukira masiku amene tinali kunena kuti, “Ndikanakonda akanangoloza.”
[Tyler akugogoda pakompyuta ya piritsi.]
Kompyuta yam'manja: Zambiri!
Amayi a Tyler: Sopo wowonjezera, chabwino!
[Amayi a Tyler apatsa Tyler sopo wina.]
Ndikukumbukira, mukudziwa, ndimati ndikukhumba akanangoloza. Ngati akanangoloza, ife, mukudziwa, sitinadziwe zomwe akufuna. Ngati iye ankafuna chinachake chakumwa, inu mukudziwa, ndiye ife tinafika tsiku limene, inu mukudziwa, inu mumayiwala kutali komwe iye wachokera. Chifukwa ndimakumbukira masiku…Apa, mwana. Mulinso sopo wanu… tidafika masiku omwe amalozera koma sitidadziwe chomwe akufuna kuchokera ku nduna. Ndiye anali masewera ongopeka chabe. Ndipo ndinauzidwa kuti musamangotulutsa zinthu 20 mu nduna. Chabwino, nditani?
Ndiye ife timapanga menyu. Timapanga menyu, kotero zinali, ngati, simuphika zinthu 20. Sindinu wophika pang'ono. Ndinamva kuti nthawi miliyoni: Sindinu wophika pang'ono. Kotero ife tinali ku…Ndinayamba kupanga menyu, ndipo ndinayika zinthu zina pamenepo. Ndipo ndicho chothandiza kwambiri chilichonse chomwe chili pafupi ndi nthawi yachakudya. Ine ndimabwera ndi…kupanga…zimene ine ndikulolera kupanga usiku umenewo ndipo nthawizonse ndi zinthu zimene, inu mukudziwa, zimene iye amayamikira, zimene iye amakonda. Siziri, mukudziwa, Cheez-Its ndi peanut butter ndi jelly usiku uliwonse, kapena ndi pizza, mukudziwa, usiku uliwonse, koma ndi zinthu zomwe ndikudziwa kuti amakonda, ndipo amasankha pakati pa zinthu zimenezo ndisanayambe kupanga chakudya. Ndipo kotero iye amasankha, ndipo kamodzi akasankha pakati, inu mukudziwa, zina mwa izi, inu mukudziwa, ngati zakudya zomwe amakonda ndiye kuti izo ndi zosankha zake usiku umenewo. Ndiyeno, mukudziwa, sitikhala ndi kukuwa kotereku ndi kutaya chakudya pansi ndipo, mukudziwa, kukwiya chifukwa iye…sizomwe amafuna nkomwe, mukudziwa. Ndiyeno akamaliza ndiye ndimakhala ndi menyu ina ya zomwe angakhale nazo za mtundu wamtundu wa mchere. Iye akhoza kukhala ndi cookie. Akhoza kukhala ndi cookie, kapena akhoza kukhala ndi mini-muffin, kapena akhoza kukhala ...
Ndikutanthauza, zakhala zopulumutsa moyo komanso chifukwa chongomupatsa kusankha, mukudziwa, tinkakonda…ankangopita…kulikonse komwe ndimayenera kupita, kulikonse komwe tinali, mukudziwa, ndimasamba ndikafuna kumusambitsa. Ali ndi malingaliro, nayenso, ndi zosankha. Ndikutanthauza kuti mwina sakufuna kusamba usiku uliwonse 8:00, mukudziwa, ndipo amakonda kusankha ngati akufuna kusamba, mukudziwa, kapena akufuna kudya mgonero pompano, kapena akufuna kusamba pompano?
Ndipo ndinayamba kukhala wokhoza kumupatsa kusankha kumeneko, ndipo, mukudziwa, anthu ndi aakulu kwambiri pazochitika, zachizolowezi, zachizolowezi. Chabwino, iye si mwana kwenikweni, kwenikweni, wamkulu kwenikweni wokonda chizolowezi. Amakonda kukhala ndi chisankho cha nthawi yomwe akufuna kuchita zinthu zina, ndipo ndimamupatsa kusankha, ndiyeno amayamikira. Ndikutanthauza, kumwetulira pankhope pake ndipo, ali ngati, mumandipeza.
Mukudziwa, anthu akamvetsetsa ndimachitcha chilankhulo chake chachilendo - zomwe zingakhale zoopsa - koma wina akazindikira zomwe akunena ndi mawu, adzachita izi kwa aphunzitsi ake, adzachita izi: Mundipeze. Inu mukudziwa, inu munandimvetsa ine. Ndimakonda kuona kuti chifukwa ... ndiyeno iwo ... chinenero chidzawonjezeka pamene wina amamvetsera mwachisawawa kukankha. Amaganiza kuti ndi zachisawawa, koma ayi: Akakankha mabatani pazinthu zimenezo, amafuna dinosaur ameneyo. Amafuna zinthu izi. Iye samachikankha kuti angochikankhira icho. Amakankha chifukwa ndi zomwe akufuna panthawiyo. Akhoza kuzifuna kwa mphindi ziwiri zokha, koma ankafuna dinosaur panthawiyo, mukudziwa. Chifukwa chake, eya, ndimayesetsa kulabadira zomwe akunena pamene, mukudziwa, amakankhira mabatani pamenepo.
Mukudziwa, ndikuganiza kuti ndi maphunziro ake amphika, chomwe chikhala chofunikira kwambiri ndikuti tizimumvera tikamakankhira "potty" pamenepo. Mukudziwa, pakali pano amapita ndikukayimilira pachitseko cha bafa chifukwa alibe njira ina yondiuzira kuti akuyenera kupita kupoto.
[Kwa Tyler] Mukufuna chiyani? Mukufuna chiyani?
[Tyler akugogoda pakompyuta ya piritsi.]
Kompyuta yam'manja: Thandizeni! Zambiri!
[Amayi a Tyler apatsa Tyler sopo wochulukirapo. Pamodzi, amaseweretsa sopo pagome.]
Amayi a Tyler: Zambiri! Tiyeni…Aa! Tiyeni tizipaka sopo, tizipaka sopo. Pakani. Pakani mozungulira. Inde. Pakani mozungulira. Kodi mungasinkhe chimenecho? Pakani mozungulira. Zambiri?
[Tyler akugogoda pakompyuta ya piritsi.]
Kompyuta yam'manja: Zambiri!
[Amayi a Tyler apatsa Tyler sopo wochulukirapo.]
Amayi a Tyler: More sopo.
[Tyler amasewera ndi chidole cha dinosaur.]
Amayi a Tyler: Akufunika kusamba.
[Amayi a Tyler akutenga dinosaur kwa iye.]
Amayi a Tyler: Mukufuna chiyani? Dinosaur?
[Tyler akugogoda pakompyuta ya piritsi.]
Kompyuta yam'manja: Dinosaur!
(Tsekani gulu ili)
Dylan ndi Mia
Dylan ndi mnyamata wowala kwambiri wazaka khumi ndi zitatu yemwe amakonda kusewera masewera pakompyuta yake. Poyamba adadziwika kuti anali ndi mphatso komanso anali ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa chidwi (ADHD). Ali ndi zaka 10, Dylan anapezeka ndi ASD. Imodzi mwa mphamvu za Dylan zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi ASD yake ndi kuthekera kwake kwapadera kukumbukira zokambirana zakale, zinthu zomwe adaziwona, ndi zomwe adawerenga. Chimodzi mwa zovuta zake zazikulu ndikulephera kukhazikika pa ntchito yomwe ali nayo, kuphatikizapo ntchito yake ya kusukulu. Onani pamene Luz ndi Tim, makolo a Dylan, akufotokozera mwana wawo mwatsatanetsatane (nthawi 3:32).
Zolemba: Luz ndi Tim Binn akufotokoza Dylan
mayi: Anali wofanana mpaka tidazindikira kuti anali wokangalika kwambiri komanso wosayang'ana. Ndipo izi zinali pamene iye anali ndi zaka khumi. Chifukwa chake adatipatsa kuzindikira kuti ali ndi mphatso, yemwe ali ndi ADD. Koma kenako tinaonanso zinthu zina pamene akukula, choncho tinamuuzanso kuti apeze matenda. Ndipo ali ndi autism, koma ali kwathunthu…mukangolankhula naye, ndipo ngati mungomuwona, ali ngati mnzake wamba, koma mukudziwa, ali ndi mavuto ndi magwiridwe antchito. Amabwereza zokambiranazo, mukudziwa, ndipo amangofuna kulankhula za zomwe zimamusangalatsa.
Adadi: Dylan ndi mwana wowala kwambiri. Iye ali wokangalika kwambiri, kuganiza mogwira mtima, ali ndi zovuta zambiri zokhazikika, makamaka ntchito yakusukulu. Ngati ndi chinthu chomwe amasangalala nacho, monga kusewera pakompyuta, ndiye kuti amangoyang'ana kwambiri. Koma kungomupangitsa kukhala chete ndi kuika maganizo ake pa ntchito imene tikumupempha kuchita n’kovuta kunena pang’ono.
Chabwino, monga ine ndinanenera, iye ndi wanzeru ndithu. Ndikutanthauza, amaviika zinthu ngati siponji ngati ali ndi chidwi. Ndikutanthauza…ndipo sindikunena masewera apakanema chabe…Ndikutanthauza sayansi. Ndikutanthauza, akhoza kukuuzani chilichonse, mochuluka kwambiri, chimene amawerenga. Ndi pafupifupi…osati zithunzi zokumbukira…koma ndikutanthauza kuti akawerenga, sangayiwala. Ngati mukunena, adzakumbukira mpaka kalekale. Choncho ndi mphamvu zake.
Choncho zofooka, kachiwiri, kuganizira, kukhalabe pa ntchito, ndi mu zochitika za chikhalidwe kudziwa nthawi kunena chinthu, pamene osalankhula konse. Ndicho ndithudi kufooka.
Iye ndi wokoma mtima kwambiri, komabe, ndipo akhoza kukhala wokoma kwambiri. Ndikutanthauza, sikuti alibe chifundo. Ndi basi, ndikuganiza, kusankha nthawi yoti mugwiritse ntchito? Ine sindikudziwa ngati izo ziri zomveka. Iye basi…ine ndikuganiza izo zimangogwirizana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu chimene iye ali nacho. Ndikutanthauza kuti anena zinthu zomwe anthu angaganize kuti ndi zankhanza. Koma pafupifupi, iye akuyesera kuti…ndi nthabwala, ndipo iye akufuna kuti inu mumumvetse iye, ndipo iyo ndi njira yake, ine ndikuganiza, kupanga zibwenzi kapena kuyesera mwa njira yakeyake. Koma ndi wokoma mtima kwambiri.
Koma ponena za kumupangitsa iye kuti achite chirichonse chimene ife tikufuna, ine ndikutanthauza, izo ndithudi nkhondo ya chiwopsezo. Ndikutanthauza, ndani angadziwe, mukhala pamenepo ndikumuuza kuti achite mpaka atamaliza, kapena mungosiya? Zomwe nthawi zambiri, ndimangoti, chabwino, iwalani. Zangokhala, zikukhetsa. Chifukwa, ndikutanthauza, ndizovuta.
(Tsekani gulu ili)
Mia, mlongo wa Dylan wazaka khumi ndi chimodzi, alinso ndi autism. Anamupeza ali ndi zaka ziwiri chifukwa sankakumana ndi zochitika zazikulu za chitukuko. Mia ndi msungwana wokoma yemwe amakonda kuthera nthawi ndikupanga zojambulajambula zatsatanetsatane ndikusewera ndi ziweto zake. Ngakhale kuti Mia amazindikira maonekedwe a nkhope, amavutikabe kumvetsa zolinga za anthu ena akamacheza. Mia amakonda zochitika zodziwikiratu ndipo amakhumudwa kwambiri akasintha mosayembekezereka. Mu kanema pansipa, amayi a Mia amagawana zambiri za Mia (nthawi 4:54).
Zolemba: Luz Binn akufotokoza za Mia
mayi: Chabwino, ndi Mia zinali…anapezeka ali ndi zaka ziwiri. Sanali kukwaniritsa chilichonse mwazochitika zake zazikulu. Chifukwa chake tinada nkhawa, kenako ife, mukudziwa, tidapita ku TRIAD, ndiye adatidziwitsa za matendawa. Ndipo tinali kuchitapo kanthu kuyambira pamenepo.
Mia amafunsa kwambiri. Iye ndi wojambula wodabwitsa. Amakonda kujambula ndi kujambula. Ali ndi zojambula zokongola. Amakonda kuphunzira. Amakonda nyama ndi minda, mukudziwa, chilichonse chokhudzana ndi sayansi. Kwa mwana yemwe ali ndi autism, amakonda kwambiri. Amadya ayisikilimu tsiku lililonse. Ndipo iye ndi wanzeru kwambiri. Iye amakonda akavalo ake. Iye ali mu masewera olimbitsa thupi. Ndikuganiza, pakali pano, akungodutsa zomwe mwana aliyense amakumana nazo pamene ali kusukulu ya pulayimale: zosintha zambiri, mukudziwa, zovuta zambiri, makamaka chikhalidwe. Iye samvetsetsa zinthu zambiri, koma akukula, ndipo tikungoyesetsa kuti timupatse maluso ambiri momwe tingathere.
Anayamba kulankhula ali ndi zaka zisanu. Chifukwa chake, pakali pano, amafotokozera zosowa zake komanso zomwe akufuna m'mawu osavuta. Amapitiriza kubwereza ndi kubwereza chinthu chomwecho, chinthu chomwecho mobwerezabwereza. Ndipo amafuna kuti mubwereze zinthu zomwezo nthawi imodzi. Iye si waukali. Iye ndi wachikondi kwambiri, ndipo amazindikira mawonekedwe a nkhope, ndipo ndizo zabwino kwambiri. Koma nthawi zina amasokonezeka kwambiri, makamaka pamene chizolowezi chake chasinthidwa kapena chinachake chasintha ndipo palibe amene watenga nthawi kumufotokozera chifukwa chake ndi kuti adzakhala ndi mwayi wobwereranso.
Kukhoza kwake kuyankhulana kudzera muzojambula ndi chinthu chake chachikulu. Chovuta chake chachikulu panthawiyi ndi gawo la socialization. Sadziwa kukhala mabwenzi. Sadziwa nthawi yomwe wina akuvutitsa kapena akumuseka, komanso alibe mwayi wokwanira m'deralo kuti akhale ndi mwana wamba yemwe angakhale ndi kuleza mtima kuti amuphunzitse luso kapena momwe angakhalire bwenzi ndi momwe angachitire zinthu zina zosayenera. Ndikuganiza kuti ndizovuta kwambiri kuti ndipeze gulu lochezera. Sindinathe kutero.
Ndikuganiza kuti, pakali pano, Mia watha kupita m'kalasi wamba, kuphatikizidwa m'kalasi wamba ndi chithandizo ndikutsatira maphunziro asukulu pambuyo pa giredi lachisanu. M’giredi 6, zimakhala zovuta chifukwa cha kumvetsa kumeneko, ndipo ndikuganiza kuti aphunzitsi ayenera kuzindikira pamene mwanayo akufunika kutulutsidwa ndiyeno n’kukambirana ndi mayiyo n’kunena kuti, “Chabwino, ndiye kuti mwanayo ndi wowala kwambiri, ndipo akhoza kuphunzira. Ndikuganiza kuti ngati tiyika zochitika zenizeni m'kalasi ndi mwayi woti ana awa azichita, mukudziwa, achite zomwe angachite kunja kuno pagulu, atha kukhala odziyimira pawokha, ochezeka kwambiri. Maluso awo ocheza nawo adzakula. Ndipo zingakhale zophweka kungosintha zomwe amaphunzira kuchokera m'kalasi kupita kunja. Ndipo ndi zomwe tikufuna. Timafuna kuti akhale odziimira okha komanso kuti athe kuchita bwino.
Kotero ine ndikuganiza kuti ndikanawalimbikitsa iwonso, mukudziwa, agwiritse ntchito ana omwe ali nawo m'kalasi kuyesa kukhala gulu lothandizira lomwe mwanayo akufunikira. Osatengera nthawi yamaphunziro koma, mukudziwa, alimbikitseni kuti pa nthawi ya nkhomaliro kapena nthawi yopuma, bwanji osangopita kukasewera ndi mwana uyu ndiyeno kuwaphunzitsa kuti, mukudziwa, tikukhala m'dziko losiyana ndi kukhala okoma mtima wina ndi mnzake?
(Tsekani gulu ili)
Yang'anani Dylan akugawana malingaliro ake pazomwe aphunzitsi angachite kuti athandize bwino ophunzira omwe ali ndi ASD. Mosiyana ndi ophunzira ambiri omwe ali ndi ASD, Dylan samakonda kuwonetsa zambiri zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi autism, panthawiyi akuyang'ana zomwe amakonda kuchita ndi malo omwe ali osasamala. Kenako, Mia ndi amayi ake akugwiritsa ntchito nkhani zamakhalidwe, imodzi mwazochita 27 zozikidwa pa umboni kwa ophunzira omwe ali ndi autism (nthawi 3:11).
Zolemba: Dylan (wazaka 13) Amagawana Malingaliro Ake
Dylan: Chabwino, ndimaona kuti atha kupereka zochepa homuweki ndi kalasi, ndipo mwina kukhala omasuka ndi ophunzira awo. Mukudziwa, ndizo zonse zomwe ndiyenera kunena pa izi.
Wofunsayo: Chabwino, ndizo zabwino. Ndiuzeni mmene mumaphunzirira bwino mukakhala kusukulu.
Dylan: Kodi ndimaphunzira bwanji bwino? Ndimangophunzira bwino ngati, mwachitsanzo, mu zaluso za chilankhulo cha Chingerezi polemba zinazake, sindimakonda kulemba, monga, kulemba kuchokera ku chinthu china. Ndimakonda vesi yaulere. Dziwani kuti ndimakonda kalasi kukhala yotseguka.
Wofunsayo: Ndizabwino. Kodi mungafotokoze pang'ono za zomwe mukutanthauza? Ndikutanthauza, ngati, nditha kukhala ndi lingaliro la "kutsegula" lomwe ndi losiyana ndi zomwe mukutanthauza. Kodi mungafotokoze izo moonjezera pang'ono?
Dylan: Chabwino, zomwe ndikutanthauza za "kutsegula" ndikuti, mukudziwa, amatilola ife kuchita zathu m'malo, monga, kumamatira, mukudziwa, malangizo. Monga, inu muyenera kuchita izi, izi, ndiyeno izi. Monga, titha kuchita china chake chomwe chili choyenera koma osati chimodzimodzi. Monga, monga, mwa njira yathu yathu.
Mia, zaka 11
mayi: Uno, dos, tres.
Mia [kuwerenga]: Ndikuwona anthu awiri akukambirana. Ndikudziwa kuti ali otanganidwa, ndipo sindiyenera kuwadula mawu. Ndikuwona kuti ali otanganidwa chifukwa ayima pafupi.
mayi: Uha, ndi winayo?
[Mia akusuntha zithunzi zazing'ono kuzungulira tsamba.]
mayi: Tsopano werengani izo.
Mia [kuwerenga]: Ndikuwona kuti ali otanganidwa chifukwa aima pafupi akumayankhulana okha.
mayi: Zabwino kwambiri! Choncho akulankhulirana wina ndi mzake, ndipo ali otanganidwa chifukwa akulankhulana wina ndi mzake. Ndizabwino.
[Amayi ake a Mia atsegula tsamba lotsatira la buku la ntchito.]
mayi: Tiyeni tionenso nkhani ina. Ndiye nkhani yake ndi iyi. Ili ndi tsamba lachitatu.
[Amayasamula.]
mayi: O, pepani. Mukugona, koma timaliza mu miniti imodzi. Chabwino, ndiye lotsatira ndi…
Mia [kuwerenga]: Ndikafuna kulankhula ndi munthu amene akulankhula kale ndi munthu wina, kusankha koyipa kumakhala…
[Mia asankha zithunzi zing’onozing’ono n’kuzisuntha mozungulira tsambalo.]
mayi: Kusankha koyipa. Chimenecho ndi chiyani?
Mia [kuwerenga]: Lirani, lirani, sokonezani, ndikuyamba kulankhula.
mayi: Chabwino, kotero tsopano werengani izo.
Mia [kuwerenga]: Ndikafuna kuyankhula ndi munthu amene akulankhula kale ndi munthu wina, kusankha koyipa kudzakhala kukuwa, kudandaula, kumusokoneza, ndikuyamba kulankhula.
mayi: Zabwino kwambiri! Zabwino kwambiri! Ndiye sitimudula mawu kapena kuyamba kulankhula chifukwa ali otanganidwa kulankhulana eti? Kumeneko kungakhale kusankha koipa. Chosankha choipa ndicho kusokoneza chifukwa chimenecho chingakhale mwano. Mwano. Zosakhala bwino.
[Mia akuyamba kuchita zinthu zobwerezabwereza ndikuyasamulanso.]
mayi: Chabwino, tigona mu miniti yokha. Yang'anani pa nkhope. Tiyeni tisankhe yoyenera. Chabwino.
(Tsekani gulu ili)
Michael
Wophunzira wazaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri zakusekondale yemwe ali ndi autism, Michael amathera nthawi yake yambiri yopuma kupanga zojambulajambula pakompyuta ndikupanga zojambulajambula ndi mikanda. Amakonda masamu apakompyuta ndipo akusonyeza kuti masamu ndi phunziro limene amakonda kusukulu. Ngakhale kuti Michael sanapezeke ndi autism mpaka zaka zisanu, adalandira chithandizo mwamsanga kuyambira ali ndi zaka zitatu chifukwa cha kuchedwa kwa chitukuko. Michael amachita bwino pamene zochita zake zimadziŵika bwino, koma amakonda kukhumudwa ngati kusintha kosayembekezereka kupangidwa pa ndandanda yake. Mu kanema pansipa, amayi a Michael Dana, yemwenso ndi mphunzitsi wa kusekondale, amatiuza zambiri za Michael ndipo amapereka malangizo kwa aphunzitsi ena omwe amagwira ntchito ndi ophunzira omwe ali ndi ASD (nthawi 5:59).
Zolemba: Amayi a Michael Dana
Amayi ake Michael: Michael anamupeza mochedwa, koma anathandizidwa mwamsanga pa atatu, zomwe zinali zodabwitsa, ndipo ndikufuna kuyankhapo pang'ono. Pamene anali ndi miyezi 18, ndinaganiza, chabwino, pali chinachake cholakwika apa. Sanalankhule, ndipo tinkaganiza kuti ndi wogontha chifukwa ndimatha kunena dzina lake koma osayankha. Tsopano tikudziwa kuti ndicho chizindikiro cha autism. Zoonadi, kalelo sitinkadziŵa zimenezo, ndipo chotero tinapita naye kukayezetsa kumva kwake, ngakhale kumgoneka. Munali, monga, mukudziwa, machubu m'makutu mwake, ndipo kumva kwake kuli bwino. Ndiyeno ine sindikanati iye anasiya kulankhula; iye sanapitirire kwenikweni. Mukudziwa, ndikuganiza kuti anali ndi zaka zinayi pamene anati "amayi." Mukudziwa, ndipo kulowererapo kwathu kunabwera pa atatu kuti athandizidwe ndi mawu, ndipo izi zidathandiza, zomwe zidathandizira; zidachitadi komanso dalitso, chodabwitsa ndichakuti sukulu yathu yasekondale inali ndi pulogalamu yamaphunziro aubwana. Ndipo kotero iye anali alowererepo oyambirira kuyambira atatu mpaka asanu. Kupeza izi, kulandira chithandizo cholankhula, kulandira chithandizo chamankhwala, komanso kucheza ndi ana wamba, zinali zazikulu, ndipo ndikuganiza kuti zasintha kwambiri. Choncho, kulowererapo koyambirira n’kofunika kwambiri.
Michael anapezeka ndi matenda ali ndi zaka zisanu, ndipo ndikufunika kulankhula zambiri za izo. Tinapita ku Vanderbilt atatu. Anali ndi makhalidwe ena koma osati onse. Bwererani pakatha chaka. Tinabwerera mu chaka chimodzi. Anali ndi makhalidwe ena koma osati onse. Bwererani kachiwiri. Chifukwa chake titakwana faifi tidapeza matenda, ndipo ndidamvetsetsa. Tisaike chizindikiro pomwe sitifunikira kuyika chizindikiro. Makhalidwe tsopano ndi kuyang'ana maso. Mukudziwa, zili bwino, koma sizili momwe ziyenera kukhalira. Mutha kudziwa ndi zolankhula zake kuti sizabwinobwino. Amatha kuyankha uku ndi uku, koma sizomwe ndimazitcha kuti kukambirana kwabwinobwino. Ndazolowera mayendedwe ake, koma ndikutsimikiza kuti mayendedwe ake ndi ovuta. Kuyenda kwake kumakhala kovutirapo.
Mphamvu yayikulu ya Michael ndi kuthekera kwake kokonda, komwe kungawoneke ngati mphamvu yayikulu, koma ndikuganiza kuti ndi. Iye ndi mwana wachikondi. Amawerenga bwino. Amawerenga mokhudzidwa mtima. Ndikuganiza kuti mphamvu zake zomwe mwina sizofanana ndi autism ndiye kuti adzasintha. Mukudziwa, poyamba angazengereze ngati chinachake sichili m'chizoloŵezi, koma amazoloŵera mwamsanga. Ndipo ine ndikuganiza kuti ndi chinthu chabwino. Zinthu zina zomwe ndi zofooka: Sali komwe akuyenera kukhala pamaphunziro. Inu mukudziwa, iye akufika kumeneko, koma, inu mukudziwa, iye ali kuseri kwa giredi. Koma amagwira ntchito molimbika kwambiri, komanso mwamakhalidwe, ngakhale kuti wabwera kutali, mukudziwa, zimakhala zovuta pamene simungathe kupeza mabwenzi. Ndipo pamene simudziwa kugwiritsa ntchito zidziwitsozo, zidziwitso zamagulu, ndipo mukudziwa kuti ndizovuta, ndikuganiza.
Tinayenera kusintha njira zathu chaka chonse chochitira ndi Michael kusukulu komanso kunyumba. Ali wamng'ono kusukulu, ndikutanthauza, ndimamugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kudutsa malo oimika magalimoto atavala zovala zogona. Ndikutanthauza kuti anangogwidwa ndi phokoso. Anachita chidwi ndi ophunzira okha, ndipo ndikuganiza kukhala ndi makalasi ang'onoang'ono. Anali m'kalasi ya cdc, ndipo kumuyika pang'onopang'ono m'kalasi yokhazikika kwathandiza, kuphunzitsa aphunzitsi ndi kuwadziwitsa zomwe zimagwira ntchito ndi iye. Inu mukudziwa, mwachitsanzo, iye si mmodzi wa ana awo amene inu mungathe, monga, o, apa pali chidutswa cha maswiti, ndi kukhala, inu mukudziwa, ndithudi, iye ali ngati ana ena. O, apa pali woyamwa. Inu mwameta tsitsi lanu. Ntchito yabwino. Koma amakonda kuyamikiridwa. Nthawi zonse amakonda kutamandidwa. Ntchito yabwino! Ntchito yabwino, Michael! Ndipo izo zikanamulola iye kuti agwire ntchitoyo. Kukhala ndi chizoloŵezi, ndikutanthauza, pamene anali wamng'ono, kusunga chizoloŵezi chimenecho kunathandiza kwambiri. Zinamuthandiza kusukulu, ndipo kumudziwitsa kusukulu ali wamng'ono izi ndi zomwe zidzachitike. Mukudziwa, kumudziwitsa mwina mphindi makumi atatu pasadakhale nthawi, chabwino, mu mphindi makumi atatu tipita ku PE Tikupita, ndipo ndiyenera kuchita izi tsopano ndili ndi zaka 17. Chabwino, mu mphindi 45, tipita kumsika. Tikupita kusitolo, mukudziwa, ndikumudziwitsa, ndiyeno ali wokonzeka.
Monga mphunzitsi komanso ngati kholo la munthu pa vuto la autism spectrum, ndizofunikira kwambiri, chinthu choyamba, ana onse ndi osiyana. Ndipo ndamvapo nthawi zambiri kuchokera kwa aphunzitsi monga kholo: O, ndinali ndi wophunzira yemwe ali ndi autism, kotero ndidzachita izi ndi Michael. Chabwino, izo si zoona. Ayi, mwana aliyense ndi wosiyana, mwana aliyense ali ndi zovuta zake, monga tonsefe timakhala ndi zovuta zathu. Ndaphunzitsa kwa zaka 28. Mwana aliyense ndi wosiyana. Ndipo, mukudziwa, ndicho chinthu choyamba kuphunzira. Ndikuganiza kuti chinthu chachiwiri chomwe ndinganene ndikumveketsa…chachiwiri chomwe ndinganene, perekani malamulo omveka bwino, olondola, ndipo mutha kuchita izi ndi mwana aliyense, koma ndikuganiza kuti ana omwe ali ndi autism ndi enieni. Pezani malamulo amenewo, ndiyenonso, ine ndingopitirira ndi kunena, kuwapanga kukhala enieni. Mukudziwa, zindikirani kuti ndi zenizeni ndipo mwina samalani zomwe mukunena.
Ndikunena izi kwa aphunzitsi, makamaka a ana aang'ono, pali chiyembekezo chochuluka, pali zambiri kuposa mwana uyu, zomwe munalotapo kuti angachite. Ingokhalani ndi chikhulupiriro, khalani oleza mtima, zomwe zimakhala zovuta nthawi zina pamene akugwedeza kapena pamene akusungunuka, koma dziwani kuti pali zinthu zabwino kumeneko. Ingodikirani kanthawi pang'ono, ndipo inu mukafika kumeneko.
(Tsekani gulu ili)
Atakhala pakati pa amayi ake (kumanja) ndi wothandizira maphunziro ake, Mayi Lola (kumanzere), Michael akukamba zambiri za zomwe amakonda kuchita akakhala kunyumba ndi kusukulu. Zindikirani kuti Michael akupereka mayankho ocheperako ndipo akuwoneka wokhumudwa, ndipo amayesa mobwerezabwereza kuti amalize kuyankhulana ndi yankho lokhazikika, "Ndatuluka! Bye!" Khalidweli mwina limakhala chifukwa chopemphedwa kusiya ntchito yomwe amakonda, panthawiyi nthawi yapakompyuta, kuti atenge nawo mbali pazokambirana, zomwe sizimakonda (nthawi 1:40).
Zolemba: Michael
Abiti Lola: Kodi si Mario yemwe unapanga ndi pepala lija? Mukukumbukira?
Michael: Inde inde.
Dana: Chabwino, chabwino…
Michael: Ndatuluka! Bye!
Dana: Miniti yokha chabwino?
Michael: Gggrrrrrrrr!
Wofunsayo: Conco, Michael, ndiuze zina mwa zinthu zimene mumakonda kucita mukakhala kunyumba.
Michael: Sewerani kompyuta.
Wofunsayo: Kodi mumakonda kusewera chiyani pakompyuta?
Michael: Zinthu zanga za MS Paint. Zabwino Math.
Wofunsayo: Kodi mungalankhule pang'ono za izo?
Michael: Ndimasewera kompyuta tsiku lonse, ndimasewera Cool Math, ndipo ndi momwemo.
Dana: Cool Math, ndi chiyani chimenecho?
Michael: Ndi…ndi kompyuta…aaaaagghhhh…ndi sewero…ndi sewero. Ndi zamasewera.
Abiti Lola: Nthawi zambiri ndi sukulu, sichoncho?
Michael: Eeh.
Abiti Lola: Eya.
Michael: Ndatuluka! Bye!
Dana: Ndipo, mvetserani, nanga bwanji zithunzizo? Chifukwa, chinthu choyamba chimene inu munanena chinali chiyani?
Michael: Mai…chikwama changa cha mapepala.
Dana: Kodi chinthu choyamba chimene munati munaonera pa kompyuta chinali chiyani?
Michael: Wanga…njira yanga ya YouTube.
Dana: Dzina lake ndi chiyani?
Michael: Ine…ine…IDX [inaudible].
Dana: IDX. Chabwino.
Michael: Ndatuluka! Bye!
Wofunsayo: Michael, ndiuzeko pang’ono zimene unkayenera kuchita kusukulu. Ndi chiyani chomwe mumakonda kusukulu?
Michael: Kuchita masamu.
Wofunsayo: Ukumveka ngati ndiwe katswiri wamasamu. Masamu pakompyuta, masamu kusukulu, ndi zomwe mumakonda?
Michael: Eya.
Wofunsayo: Eya.
Michael: Ndatuluka! Bye!
Wofunsayo: Kodi mwakonzeka kutiwonetsa zina mwazinthu zanu pakapita miniti, sichoncho?
Michael: O, chabwino, eya.
Wofunsayo: Kodi mungakonde kuchita zimenezo?
Michael: Inde inde.
Wofunsayo: Chabwino.
(Tsekani gulu ili)
