Resources
Tsamba 12: Zolozera & Zowonjezera
Kuti mutchule gawoli, chonde gwiritsani ntchito izi:
IRIS Center. (2008). PALS: Njira yowerengera sukulu Yasekondare. Kuchotsedwa https://iris.peabody.vanderbilt.edu/palshs/
Zothandizira
Barton, R. (2004). Ma r awiriwa: Maphunziro ophunzirira kusukulu yasekondale. Maphunziro aku Northwest, 10(1). Idabwezedwa pa June 23, 2008, kuchokera http://www.nwrel.org/nwedu/10-01/two/
Class Wide Peer Tutoring Program. (2003). Idabwezedwa pa Ogasiti 13, 2008, kuchokera http://www.promisingpractices.net/program.asp?programid=99
Fuchs, D., Fuchs, LS, Mathes, PG, & Simmons, DC (1997). Njira Zophunzirira Zothandizidwa ndi Anzako: Kupangitsa makalasi kukhala olabadira kusiyanasiyana. Maphunziro aku America Research Journal, 34(1), 174-206.
Fuchs, D., Fuchs, LS, Thompson, A., Al Otaiba, S., Yen, L., Yang, NJ, & Braun, M. (2001). Kodi kuŵerenga n’kofunika kwambiri pokonzekera kuŵerenga? Kuyesedwa kosasinthika ndi aphunzitsi ngati oyambitsa mapulogalamu. Journal of Educational Psychology, 93(2), 251-267.
Fuchs, D., Fuchs, LS, Thompson, A., Svenson, E., Yen, L., Al Otaiba, S., Yang, N., McMaster, K., Prentice, K., Kazdan, S., & Saenz, L. (2001). Maphunziro Othandizidwa ndi Anzako
Njira zowerengera: Zowonjezera za sukulu ya kindergarten, giredi yoyamba, ndi kusekondale. Kukonza ndi Maphunziro Apadera, 22(1), 15-21.
Fuchs, LS, Fuchs, D. & Kazdan, S. (1999). Zotsatira za Njira Zophunzirira Zothandizira Anzako pa ophunzira aku sekondale omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu lowerenga. Kuwongolera ndi Maphunziro Apadera, 20(5), 309-318.
Fuchs, LS, Fuchs, D., Kazdan, S., Mathes, P., Prentice, K., & Saenz, L. (1997). Njira Zophunzirira Zothandizidwa ndi Anzako kwa ophunzira aku sekondale.Kukonzanso ndi Maphunziro Apadera, 20(5), 309–318.
Fulk, B., & King, K. (2001). Kuphunzitsa anzawo m'kalasi lonse kuntchito. Kuphunzitsa Kwapadera Ana, 34(2), 49-53.
Mastropieri, M., Scruggs, TE, Spencer, V., & Fontana, J. (2003). Kulimbikitsa chipambano m'mbiri yapadziko lonse ya sekondale: Kuphunzitsa anzawo motsutsana ndi zolemba zowongolera. Kulemala Phunziro Kafukufuku & Kuchita, 18(1), 52-65.
Mcmaster, K., Fuchs, D., & Fuchs, L. (2006). Kafukufuku pa Njira Zophunzirira Zothandizidwa ndi Anzako: Lonjezo ndi zofooka za malangizo oyendetsedwa ndi anzawo. Kuwerenga & Kulemba, Pafupifupi, 225-25.
Moreno Valley High School Remedial Reading Curriculum. Idabwezedwa pa Julayi 10, 2008, kuchokera http://www.retirerelocate.com/mvhsrenewal/curriculum/Remedial_Reading_FINAL%5B1%5D.doc
Zowonjezera Zowonjezera
nkhani
Calhoon, M., & Fuchs, LS (2003). Zotsatira za Njira Zophunzitsira Zothandizira Anzanu komanso kuyeza kotengera maphunziro pa masamu a ophunzira aku sekondale.
olumala. Kuwongolera ndi Maphunziro Apadera, 24(4), 235-245.
Lipotili limafotokoza za kafukufuku yemwe makalasi khumi a ophunzira aku sekondale adakumana ndi PALS/CBM ngati njira yopititsira patsogolo masamu awo. Olembawo apeza kuti kuwonetsa kotereku kwawonjezeradi ziwerengero za ophunzira poyerekeza ndi ophunzira omwe amawongolera. Kukambitsirana kwina kwa zotsatira izi kumatsatira.
Calhoon, MB (2005). Zotsatira za luso loyankhulana ndi anzawo komanso pulogalamu yomvetsetsa kuwerenga pakupeza luso lowerenga kwa ophunzira asukulu zapakati omwe ali ndi vuto lowerenga. Journal of Learning Disability, 38(5), 424-433.
M'nkhaniyi, wolemba akuwunika kafukufuku wofuna kudziwa momwe amawerengera motsatana ndi anzawo (pankhaniyi Linguistic Skills Training [LST] and Peer Assisted Learning Strategies [PALS]) pakati pa ana asukulu zapakati omwe amadziwika kuti ndi owerenga movutikira. Atawona zotsatira za ophunzira omwe adalandira malangizo okhudzana ndi anzawo komanso omwe amaphunzitsidwa kudzera munjira yachikhalidwe cha kalasi yonse, wolembayo apeza kuti ophunzira omwe ali m'magulu ophatikizana ndi anzawo adawonetsa kusintha kwakukulu pamaluso angapo ofunikira, kuphatikiza kumvetsetsa ndi kuzindikiritsa zilembo. Kukambitsirana za zotsatira za phunziroli zikuphatikizidwa.
Kroeger, SD, Burton, C., Preston, C. (2009). Kuphatikiza machitidwe ozikidwa pa umboni mu kuwerenga kwa sayansi yapakati. KUPHUNZITSA Ana Apadera, 41(3), 6-15.
Nkhaniyi ikuyang'ana zovuta zomwe owerenga amakumana nazo pazovuta monga zasayansi, pomwe kutsindika kwaposachedwa pakuyesa kwapangitsa kuti ophunzira asamafufuze zopindulitsa komanso zopindulitsa. Monga mankhwala, olemba amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito malangizo okhudzana ndi anzawo, momwe ophunzira angathenso kutenga nawo mbali pazochitika za "kupanga nzeru" zomwe zidziwitso za sayansi zimapindula bwino.
Mastropieri, MA, Scruggs, TE, & Graetz, JE (2003). Kuwerenga kumvetsetsa kwa ophunzira akusekondale: Zovuta kwa ophunzira ndi aphunzitsi omwe akuvutika. Kuphunzira Kulemala Kotala, 26(2), 103-116.
Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane za zovuta zowerengera zomwe ophunzira aku sekondale olumala amakumana nazo. Njira zingapo zotsimikiziridwa ndi kafukufuku (kuphatikizapo njira yophunzitsira anzawo) zikufotokozedwa, ndi zotsatira za kafukufuku wina zomwe zikukambidwa.
Mastropieri, MA, Scruggs, T., Mohler, L., Beranek, M., Spencer, V., Boon, RT, & Talbott, E. (2001). Kodi ophunzira aku sekondale omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu la kuwerenga angathandize wina ndi mzake ndi kuphunzira chirichonse? Kafukufuku ndi Kuchita Zolemala Kuphunzira, 16(1), 18-27.
Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza za kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi mphamvu ya kuphunzira mothandizidwa ndi anzawo pakati pa ophunzira omwe ali ndi vuto lophunzirira komanso ochedwa pang'ono. Ofufuzawo adapeza zopindulitsa zingapo komanso zowongolera zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi njira yophunzitsira anzawo. Kukambitsirana za zotsatirapo maphunziro owonjezera akuphatikizidwa.
Zida Zapaintaneti
Webusayiti ya PALS. Zipangizo zophunzitsira, zitsanzo zowerengera, buku lowerengera la kusekondale. Inabwezedwa pa June 17, 2008, kuchokera https://frg.vkcsites.org/what-is-pals/
Gawo ili la tsamba la PALS lili ndi zida zothandizira aphunzitsi omwe akufuna kugwiritsa ntchito PALS m'makalasi awo. Mulinso mndandanda wa zolinga, zolemba zamaphunziro, ndi zolemba za aphunzitsi. Zomwe zili mumtundu wa GIF kuti mutsitse ndi kusindikiza mosavuta.