Resources

ACT. (2011). 2011 chikhalidwe cha koleji ndi kukonzekera ntchito. Idabwezedwa pa Julayi 24, 2012, kuchokera ku www.act.org/readiness/2011

Archer, AL, & Hughes, CA (2011). Gulu lachisanu ndi chitatu: Chidziwitso cha maphunziro a chikhalidwe cha anthu. Idabwezedwa pa Julayi 24, 2012, kuchokera http://explicitinstruction.org/?page_id=364

Archer, AL, & Hughes, CA (2011). Malangizo a mawu: Chilankhulo cha sitandade 6 zojambula. Idabwezedwa pa Julayi 24, 2012, kuchokera http://explicitinstruction.org/?page_id=317

Council of Chief State School Officers. (2010). Adolescent Literary toolkit. Idabwezedwa pa Julayi 24, 2012, kuchokera ku http://programs.ccsso.org/projects/adolescent_literacy_toolkit/

Center pa Maphunziro. (2011). Mndandanda wa Webinar: Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zomwe Zimagwira Ntchito (DWW) zothandizira kuthandiza othandizira a SIG pakuwerenga kwa achinyamata. Idabwezedwa pa Julayi 24, 2012, kuchokera http://www.centeroninstruction.org/webinar-series-using-doing-what-works-dww-resources-to-support-sig-grantees-in-adolescent-literacy—text-discussion

Frayer, DA, Frederick, WC, & Klausmeier, HG (1969). Chiwembu choyesera level wa luso lamalingaliro (lipoti laukadaulo nambala 16). Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Research and Development Center for Cognitive Learning.

Hall, T., & Strangman, N. (2002). Okonza zithunzi. Idabwezedwa pa Julayi 24, 2012, kuchokera http://aim.cast.org/sites/aim.cast.org/files/NCACgo.pdf

Heller, R., & Greenleaf, CL (2007). Malangizo owerengera m'magawo okhutira: Kufika pachimake pakuwongolera masukulu apakati ndi kusekondale. Washington, DC: Mgwirizano wa Maphunziro Abwino Kwambiri. Idabwezedwa pa Julayi 24, 2012, kuchokera ku http://www.all4ed.org/files/LitCon.pdf

Kamil, ML, Borman, GD, Dole, J., Kral, CC, Salinger, T., & Torgesen, J. (2008). Kupititsa patsogolo luso la achinyamata: Mkalasi yabwino komanso kuchitapo kanthu machitidwe: kalozera woyeserera. Washington, DC: National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance, Institute of Education Sciences, US Department of Education. Idabwezedwa pa Julayi 24, 2012, kuchokera ku https://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/pdf/practice_guides/adlit_pg_082608.pdf

Kosanovich, ML, Reed, DK, & Miller, DH (2010). Kubweretsa njira zowerengera mu malangizo okhutira: Kuphunzira mwaukadaulo kwa aphunzitsi akusekondale. Portsmouth, NH: RMC Research Corporation, Center on Instruction. Idabwezedwa pa Julayi 24, 2012, kuchokera http://www.centeroninstruction.org/files/Bringing%20Literacy%20Strategies%20into%20Content%20Instruction.pdf

Meadows Center for Preventing Educational Risk. (2009). 8 giredi TALA, unit 2,gawo 3, slide 10: Kugwiritsa Ntchito Frayer Model. Kanema wa Texas Adolescent Literacy Academies.

Meadows Center for Preventing Educational Risk. (2009). Gawo 8 TALA, gawo 2,gawo 3, slide 13: Kugwiritsa Ntchito Frayer Model: Zoyeserera za ophunzira. Kanema wa Texas Adolescent Literacy Academies.

Meadows Center for Preventing Educational Risk. (2009). 8 giredi TALA, unit 7,gawo 3, slide 19: Kupanga mafunso a mulingo 3: Zoyeserera za ophunzira. Kanema wa Texas Adolescent Literacy Academies.

McCray, AD, & Vaughn, S. (2001). Sikuti ophunzira onse amaphunzira kuwerenga pofika giredi lachitatu: Ophunzira akusukulu yapakati amalankhula za kulephera kwawo kuwerenga. Journal of Maphunziro Apadera, 35(1), 17–30. Idabwezedwa pa Julayi 24, 2012, kuchokera ku http://www.cedu.niu.edu/aboutus/dean/aboutDean/scholarship/Not%20All%20Students.pdf

National Science Teachers Association. (2004). Kupangitsa kuganiza kuwoneka: Njira yochitira kulimbikitsa kulemba kwa sayansi m'makalasi apamwamba a pulaimale. Idabwezedwa pa Julayi 24, 2012, kuchokera ku http://science.nsta.org/enewsletter/2005-11/sc0411_20.pdf

Raphael, TE (1982). Njira zoyankhira mafunso kwa ana. Mphunzitsi Wowerenga, 36(2), 186-191.

Raphael, TE, & Au, KH (2005). QAR: Kupititsa patsogolo kumvetsetsa ndi kuyesa kutengera magiredi ndi madera. Mphunzitsi Wowerenga, 59, 206-221. Idabwezedwa pa Julayi 24, 2012, kuchokera ku http://schoolriseusa.com/SRPublic/researcharticles/QAR.pdf

Chigawo 15. (2010). Okonza zithunzi. Idabwezedwa pa Julayi 24, 2012, kuchokera ku http://www.region15.org/subsite/dist/page/graphic-organizers-3114

Southwest Georgia RESA. (ndi). Okonza zithunzi: Masamu. Kuchotsedwa ku http://www.sw-georgia.resa.k12.ga.us/Math.html.

Strangeman, N., & Hall, T. (2004). Chidziwitso chambiri: Kupititsa patsogolo maphunziro lipoti. Wakefield, MA: National Center on Accessing the General Curriculum. Idabwezedwa pa Julayi 24, 2012, kuchokera ku http://www.dcccde.ca.gov/documents/Anita%20Archer%20-%202012/A.%20Archer%20-%20NCAC_BK.pdf

Torgesen, JK, Houston, DD, Rissman, LM, Decker, SM, Roberts, G.,Vaughn, S., Wexler, J. Francis, D. J, Rivera, MO, Lesaux, N. (2007). zamaphunziro malangizo owerengera achinyamata: Chikalata chowongolera kuchokera ku Center on Malangizo. Portsmouth, NH: RMC Research Corporation, Center on Instruction. Idabwezedwa pa Julayi 24, 2012, kuchokera ku http://www.centeroninstruction.org/files/Academic%20Literacy.pdf

Beach, KD, Sanchez, V., Flynn, LJ, & O'Connor, RR (2015). Kuphunzitsa mawu ophunzirira kwa achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto la kuphunzira. KUPHUNZITSA Ana Apadera, 48(1), 36-44.

M'nkhani ya m'magazini ino, olemba akuwonetsa kufunikira kophunzitsa mawu amaphunziro ndikupereka mwatsatanetsatane njira zisanu zochitira zimenezi. Kuphatikiza apo, olembawo amafotokoza za kusankha kwa mawu, kufotokozera mawu m'mikhalidwe yabwino, komanso mwayi wolembera ziganizo. Zitsanzo zingapo zothandiza zolemba zamakalasi ndi zochitika zikuphatikizidwanso.

Capin, P., & Vaughn, S. (2017). Kupititsa patsogolo maphunziro a kuwerenga ndi maphunziro a chikhalidwe cha anthu kwa ophunzira a sekondale omwe ali ndi vuto lowerenga. KUPHUNZITSA Ana Apadera, 49(4), 249-261.

Nkhaniyi ikuyang'ana zotsatira za maphunziro a ophunzira a maphunziro achiwiri omwe ali m'gawo lachiwiri momwe njira yophunzitsira imadalira kwambiri magwero a chidziwitso osati malemba. Pofuna kulimbikitsa kumvetsetsa bwino kwa kuwerenga, olembawo amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito Kulimbikitsa Adolescents' Comprehension of Text (PACT) ndi collaborative Strategic Reading (CSR) monga njira zogwirira ntchito zopangira luso lomvetsetsa powerenga komanso kuthana ndi kufunikira kopanga chidziwitso.

Kroeger, SD, Burton, C., & Preston, C. (2009). Kuphatikiza machitidwe ozikidwa pa umboni mu kuwerenga kwa sayansi yapakati. KUPHUNZITSA Ana Apadera, 41(3), 6–15. Retrievedon July 25, 2012, kuchokera https://www.researchgate.net/publication/299373946_Integrating_Evidence-Based_Practices_in_Middle_Science_Reading

Nkhaniyi yokhudza kuwongolera kumvetsetsa kwa kuwerenga m'makalasi asayansi ikuwunika mwatsatanetsatane mtundu wosinthidwa wa njira ya PALS, PALSscience. Olembawo amaphatikizanso zolemba pakuzindikira ziganizo zazikulu, kuyang'anira kuyimira pakati pa anzawo, ndikupanga "mindandanda yoyang'anira umphumphu" kuti awone kukhulupirika.

Roberts, CA, Leko, MM, & Wilkerson, KL (2013). Njira zatsopano zamalangizo owerengera kwa achinyamata omwe ali ndi kulumala kwakukulu kwamaganizidwe. Kuwongolera ndi Maphunziro Apadera, 34(5), 305-317.

Kuwunikaku kwa kafukufuku wokhudza malangizo owerengera omwe amayang'aniridwa ndi achinyamata olumala kumatsimikizira kuti makalasi ambiri sakugwiritsabe ntchito mwayi waposachedwa wamaphunzirowa, ngakhale ena ayamba kutero. M'munsimu muli zolemba za momwe akulangizira kuwerenga pakati pa achinyamata omwe ali ndi vuto lozindikira komanso kukambirana za momwe malangizo angapangidwire kukhala omveka bwino ndikugwirizana kwambiri ndi malingaliro omwe aperekedwa panopa kuchokera kumunda wa luso la achinyamata.

Shanahan, T., & Shanahan, C. (2008). Kuphunzitsa luso lachilango kwa achinyamata: Kuganiziranso za zomwe zili m'derali. Ndemanga ya Maphunziro a Harvard, 78(1), 40–59. Idabwezedwa pa Julayi 24, 2012, kuchokera https://dpi.wi.gov/sites/default/files/imce/cal/pdf/teaching-dl.pdf

Nkhaniyi ikuyang'ana mphamvu ya njira yomwe yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali ya "mphunzitsi aliyense wa mphunzitsi wowerenga" m'magawo onse. Olembawo adapeza kuti njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pophunzitsa kumvetsetsa zimasiyana mosiyanasiyana malinga ndi momwe zilili komanso momwe alangizi payekha amafikira ndikumvetsetsa nkhaniyo. Malangizo a njira zowerengera kuti muwongolere luso lazolemba zaphatikizidwa.

Swanson, E., Vaughn, S., & Wexler, J. (2017). Kupititsa patsogolo kumvetsetsa kwa achinyamata popanga chidziwitso cha mawu. KUPHUNZITSA Ana Apadera, 50(2), 84-94. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0040059917720777

Kodi ndi zolinga zotani zophunzirira mawu zomwe aphunzitsi angakhazikitse kwa ophunzira awo? Olemba nkhaniyi akufuna kuyankha funsoli poyang'ana malangizo omveka bwino a mawu operekedwa ndi aphunzitsi, machitidwe a mawu, njira zophunzitsira limodzi, ndi zina.

Vaughn, S., Roberts, G., Schnakenberg, JB, Fall, AM, Vaughn, M. g., & Wexler, J. (2015). Kupititsa patsogolo kumvetsetsa kwa kuwerenga kwa ophunzira aku sekondale olumala: zotsatira za kumvetsetsa ndi kusunga sukulu. Ana Apadera, 82(1), 117-131.

Kafukufukuyu akutsatira gulu la ophunzira pazaka ziwiri za malangizo omvetsetsa kuwerenga, ndipo apeza kuti kulowererapo kwakukulu kwa ophunzira akusekondale sikungotulutsa zotsatira zabwino zowerenga komanso kumathandizira kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa osiyira sukulu pakati pa ophunzira omwe ali pachiwopsezo chosiya sukulu msanga.

Irvin, JL, Buehl, DR, & Klemp, RM (2007). Kuwerenga ndi wophunzira kusekondale. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Publishing.

Bukhuli ndi la alangizi osiyanasiyana, otsogolera, ndi aphunzitsi omwe akukhudzidwa ndi kuwongolera zotsatira za kuwerenga kwa ophunzira a sekondale. Pafupi ndi kukambirana za njira ndi njira zoyambira, komanso njira zowonera maphunziro osagwira ntchito, njira zothandizira owerenga omwe akuvutikira, ndi malangizo owunikira mabuku am'derali, pakati pa zina zambiri.

Fisher, D., & Frey, N. (2012). Kupititsa patsogolo luso la achinyamata. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Publishing.

Ntchito yofikira m'buku ili ikuyang'ana njira zowongolera kuwerenga kwa sekondale kwa ophunzira m'magawo osiyanasiyana. Kuphatikizidwa ndi zokambirana za kupititsa patsogolo kumvetsetsa, kulembera kuti muphunzire ndi ophunzira a sekondale, ndi kuyesa ndi kuyesa kwakukulu.

Adler, CR (2001). Njira zisanu ndi ziwiri zophunzitsira ophunzira kumvetsetsa malemba. Idabwezedwa pa Seputembara 18, 2012, kuchokera https://www.readingrockets.org/article/seven-strategies-teach-students-text-comprehension

Njira zowerengera zomwe zafotokozedwa mwachidulezi zikuphatikiza zitsanzo zotsitsidwa zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya okonza zithunzi (ndi ulalo wa zina). Komanso pamanja pali kutulutsa mafunso, kuzindikira kapangidwe ka nkhani, kufupikitsa, ndi kuyang'anira kumvetsetsa.

AdLit (ndi). Malangizo owerengera: Mawu. Zobwezeredwa pa Meyi 10, 2022 kuchokera https://www.adlit.org/adlit-101/essentials-literacy-instruction/reading-instruction-vocabulary

Bukuli, lochokera ku AdLit, limakambirana za mawu powerenga malangizo, kuphatikiza njira zophunzitsira ndi maulalo othandiza.

Filkins, S. (nd). Kuthandizira Kumvetsetsa kwa Ophunzira pa Kuwerenga Kwachigawo. Werengani Lembani Ganizirani. Zobwezeredwa pa Meyi 10, 2022 kuchokera https://www.readwritethink.org/professional-development/strategy-guides/supporting-student-comprehension-content

Bukuli lachitsogozo lochokera ku Read Write Think limapereka maziko ndi masitepe owerengera kumvetsetsa pazomwe zili. Zida zofananira, monga mapulani a maphunziro ndi okonza zithunzi, amalumikizidwanso.

International Reading Association & National Council of Teachers of English. (2012).Kugwiritsa ntchito ma QAR kukulitsa kumvetsetsa komanso makonda owerengera. Werengani Lembani Ganizirani dongosolo la phunziro. Idabwezedwa pa Julayi 24, 2012, kuchokera https://www.readwritethink.org/classroom-resources/lesson-plans/using-qars-develop-comprehension

Dongosolo latsatanetsatane ili la kumvetsetsa ndi chizolowezi chowerenga limaphatikizapo kugawanika kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kwa aphunzitsi, zolinga za ophunzira, zolemba za njira zowonetsera, ndi malingaliro owonjezera phunziro. Onetsetsani kuti mwadina ma tabu kuti mupeze gawo lothandizira lazinthu zogwirizana, pakati pa zina zambiri.

TextProject http://textproject.org

Webusaitiyi yoperekedwa kuti ipititse patsogolo maphunziro owerengera owerenga atsopano komanso ovuta imapereka zinthu zambiri komanso zida zambiri, kuphatikiza laibulale yapaintaneti, zida zothandizira aphunzitsi, ndi kafukufuku waposachedwa wa machitidwe ndi mapulogalamu ozikidwa pa umboni, pakati pa zina zambiri.