Isicwangciso sotshintsho sinokuvela njani ngexesha lokuvalelwa?
Iphepha lesi-5: UCwangciso loTshintsho lweSistim yokuPhuma kunye nokhathalelo lwasemva
Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, inkqubo ecetyiswayo enxulumene notshintsho yile phuma ekungeneni. Ngenxa yokuba ukuphuma kwinkqubo kufuna ukucwangciswa okukhulu kunye nolungelelwaniso lokuqinisekisa ukuba ulutsha lunenkxaso oluyidingayo ukuze lungene ngempumelelo kuluntu, isicwangciso sotshintsho esisebenzayo kufuneka siqale ngokukhawuleza xa ulutsha lungena kwiziko le-JC. Kwimeko yolutsha olukhubazekileyo, ukubathintela ukuba baphinde boniwe okanye babuyele eluvalelweni, ucwangciso lwenguqu lufuna inkxaso engaphezulu kunesiqhelo kolunye ulutsha oluvalelweyo. Iqela lenguqu, kubandakanywa ulutsha kunye nosapho lwakhe okanye umlondolozi, badibana rhoqo ukuze baphonononge isicwangciso sotshintsho kwaye bahlaziywe njengoko kuyimfuneko.
IiNdlela ezisebenzayo zoTshintsho
Kweli phepha, siza kuxoxa ngeendlela ezintlanu kwezintandathu ezisebenzayo zokutshintsha ezisetyenziswa ekuphumeni kwenkqubo.
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Yenza iQela loTshintsho |  |
Yenza isiCwangciso soTshintsho |
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Misela uThutho lweeRekhodi eziKhawulezayo |  |
Sebenzisa Iinkqubo eziSekwe kubungqina |
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Ukubeka iliso kwiNkqubo yoTshintsho |
Ngelixa ulutsha luseluvalelweni, ucwangciso lwenguqu luhlangabezana ikakhulu neemfuno zalo zangoku njengoko zinxulumene nosukelo lolutsha lwexesha elifutshane kunye nexesha elide. Njengoko umhla wokukhululwa kolutsha usondela, iqela lenguqu kufuneka ligxininise ngakumbi ekuchongeni nasekubekeni inkxaso kunye nezibonelelo ulutsha oluya kuzifuna ukuze lutshintshe ngempumelelo eluntwini, kubandakanywa isikolo, ingqesho, kunye nekhaya lisebenzisa izenzo ezisekelwe kubungqina kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ukongeza, iqela lenguqu kufuneka lenze isicwangciso sokubeka iliso kwinkqubela phambili yolutsha emva kokukhululwa kwakhe.
Ukujongana neeNdawo eziphambili zoTshintsho phambi kokuPhuma kweNkqubo
Iindlela apho iinkalo zemfundo, ingqesho, kunye nezakhono zokuphila ezizimeleyo zijongwana nazo ezikhokelela ekuphumeni kwenkqubo zixoxwa ngokufutshane apha ngezantsi.
Ingxelo yemfundo yolutsha kufuneka ibandakanye ulwazi lwangoku malunga nenqanaba langoku lemfundo kunye neenjongo zemfundo. Ifayile yerekhodi eyongezelelweyo kufuneka ibandakanye i-IEP yangoku yomfundi, kunye neemveliso / iipotfoliyo zomsebenzi, iikhredithi zezikolo eziphakamileyo ezifunyenweyo, kunye nezifundo ezithathwe ngelixa evalelwe. Kulutsha olukhubazekileyo, kubaluleke ngakumbi ukuba inkxaso yezemfundo kunye neendawo zokuhlala ulutsha olufumeneyo ngelixa luseluvalelweni zibhalwe kule rekhodi. Iqela kufuneka lizame ukuqikelela kwaye licwangcise iimfuno ezibanzi zolutsha kwindawo yesikolo soluntu ukwenzela ukuba kubekho inkxaso efanelekileyo ekuphumeni kwi-JC setting.
Imisebenzi Engundoqo Phambi KokuPhuma kweNkqubo
- Umququzeleli wenguqu unceda ulutsha lubhalise esikolweni okanye inkqubo yoqeqesho lomsebenzi, kwabo banqwenela ukuqhubeka nemfundo yabo. Zonke iinkqubo zobhaliso okanye izicelo kufuneka ziqhubeke okanye zigqitywe ngexesha ulutsha lushiya indawo ye-JC, ukwenzela ukuba akwazi ukwenza utshintsho olufanelekileyo kwisikolo okanye kwiprogram yoqeqesho lomsebenzi aya kuwo.
- Iqela lotshintsho lichonga naziphi na iinkxaso ezongezelelweyo ezinokuthi ulutsha luzifune ukuze luphumelele, olufana nokufundisa, izakhono zokufunda, okanye uncedo lokugqibezela umsebenzi wesikolo owenzelwa ekhaya kwaye luzibandakanye kwisicwangciso sotshintsho.
- Umququzeleli wenguqu ulungiselela ukudluliselwa ngokukhawuleza kweerekhodi phakathi kwendawo ye-JC, isikolo, kunye nezinye ii-arhente ezifanelekileyo.
Ngeenkcukacha zakho
Ukunceda ukwenza utshintsho lube lula kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kuyingenelo ukuba isikolo esamkelayo sivumele ulutsha ukuba lutyelele ngaphambi kokuba lukhululwe ukuze aluqhelanise okanye aluqhelanise kwakhona nokusingqongileyo. Ngaphaya koko, isikolo esifumanayo sinokubamba intlanganiso ye-IEP phambi kokuba ulutsha lubuye ukuza kujongana nalo naluphi na utshintsho olufunekayo kwi-IEP.
Isicwangciso sotshintsho kufuneka sichaze iinkonzo kwaye sixhase ulutsha olufuna ukufumana nokugcina umsebenzi olungileyo ekungeneni kwakhona. Naziphi na izakhono okanye izatifikethi zokugqitywa (umzekelo, ukuyila ngoomatshini, ukulungiswa kwesixhobo sombane) oluthe lwafunyanwa lulutsha ziqukiwe kwifayile yakhe ukuze abo baza kuba ngabaqeshi babe nokwazi ukuba loluphi uqeqesho alufumeneyo.
Imisebenzi Engundoqo Phambi KokuPhuma kweNkqubo
- Iqela lenguqu linceda ulutsha ukuba lugqibezele izicelo zomsebenzi kwaye lulungiselele udliwano-ndlebe lomsebenzi.
- Iqela lenguqu linceda ulutsha ukuba lufumane amathuba oqeqesho lwemisebenzi (umzekelo, uqeqesho lokulungisa iimoto, isikolo se-cosmetology).
- Iqela lenguqu linceda ulutsha ukuba luqhagamshelane nenkxaso yoontanga okanye abacebisi abanokumnceda ukuba ahlale eqeshwe.
- Iqela lenguqu lilungiselela ukutyelelwa kwangaphambi kokukhululwa kwiindawo zemisebenzi, ukuqeqeshelwa umsebenzi, okanye amathuba okufuna umsebenzi.
UDeanne Unruh uxoxa ngezinye zeengqwalasela zokulungiselela ulutsha ukuba lusebenze xa luthe lwakhululwa (ixesha: 2:16).
UDeanne Unruh, PhD
UMPhandi oyiNtloko, HLALA UNGAPHANDLE
U-Co-Director, iZiko leSizwe loNcedo lobuGcisa kwiNguqu
INjingalwazi yoPhando oluDityanisiweyo
KwiYunivesithi yaseOregon
Okubhaliweyo: UDeanne Unruh, PhD
Ukuqeshwa kwabaphuli-mthetho abaselula abakhubazekileyo kusebenza njengento ekhuselayo kolu lutsha. Ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuba bakulungele ukungena emsebenzini.
Besibuza abaqeshi abakwinqanaba lokuqala iimbono zabo zokusebenza nabaphuli-mthetho abasebatsha kwinkqubo yobulungisa yabaselula, kwaye ibinika umdla ngenene into yokuba abaqeshi bohlulwe ngokwenene. Kwakukho abanye abaqeshi bathi ngokusisiseko ukuba benza umsebenzi kwaye ndiyakwazi ukubaqeqesha ukuba benze into endiyifunayo, kwaye babonise ngexesha kwaye banentlonipho, ndingayikhathalela kakhulu ukuba baye babandakanyeka kwinkqubo yobulungisa yolutsha. Kukho abanye abaqeshi abathi ngokusisiseko, owu, nkosi yam, ukuba akazange andixelele ukuba uye wabandakanyeka kwinkqubo yobulungisa yabantwana ndaza ndafumanisa kamva, ndiya kukuqwalasela oko kuxoka emsebenzini, kwaye bathi baya kugxotha ulutsha kwangoko.
Ke siphuhlise izifundo ezibini ezichaza olu lwazi emva kwabaphuli-mthetho abancinci ukuba ayingabo bonke abaqeshi abaza kwamkela, ukubanceda bachonge nini, yintoni, kwaye bangakanani ukwabelana nomqeshi, kodwa nokubazisa ukuba kusenokubakho imingcipheko ebandakanyekayo, kodwa kunokubakho izibonelelo ezithile ekubhengezeni kwabo oko. Ukukwazi ukudlala indima kwezi meko ngethemba kuya kunceda ulutsha ludlulise esi zakhono ukuba kufuneka basisebenzise kwindawo yengqesho.
Kwaye into esiyifumeneyo kwakhona ngokufuthi ngokufuthi ukubekwa elungileyo kulutsha olukhubazekileyo olusebenza kuluntu zingaphezulu kweevenkile ezincinci zikamama-kunye-pop okanye iinkonzo. Amaxesha amaninzi, le misebenzi inika ithuba lokuba kuphuhliswe ukuqeqeshwa okuqinileyo okanye uhlobo lomfundi ofundayo kumoni oselula. Isenokubonelela ngomzekelo omhle womntu omdala kumntu ngamnye. Umphathi okanye umveleli usenokuba wayekhe waba sengxakini ngokwakhe ebutsheni bakhe, okanye kusenokwenzeka ukuba wayenonyana okanye intombi eyayibandakanyeke kwinkqubo yobulungisa yabaselula, yaye bafuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba olunye ulutsha akufuneki luhambe ngendlela oluye lwahamba ngayo okanye lwenjenjalo intombi yalo okanye isalamane salo. Kwaye ke banokusebenza njengomzekelo omhle kwaye baxhase ulutsha kumathuba engqesho.
Ngexesha lokuphuma kolutsha, isicwangciso sotshintsho kuya kufuneka siquke inkxaso yoluntu kunye neenkonzo eziyimfuneko ukumnceda ukuba aphile kwaye athathe inxaxheba ngokupheleleyo kuluntu. Oku kunokubandakanya iinkonzo zempilo yengqondo, amaqela enkxaso, iinkonzo zothutho, kunye nemisebenzi yoluntu (umz., ukuzonwabisa, ivolontiya, isiseko senkolo).
Imisebenzi Engundoqo Phambi KokuPhuma kweNkqubo
- Iqela lenguqu likhuthaza kwaye lincedise ulutsha ekufumaneni umcebisi kunye okanye iqela lenkxaso yoontanga ukugcina inguqu eyimpumelelo.
- Iqela lenguqu lilungiselela ukuba ulutsha luthathe inxaxheba kwiinkqubo zongenelelo okanye iingcebiso ekuhlaleni ezijongana neemfuno zempilo yengqondo (umzekelo, ukulungiselela iiseshini zokucetyiswa), izakhono zokuphila ngokuzimeleyo (umzekelo, ukwenza uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali), kunye nezinye izakhono eziyimfuneko (umz., ukukhulisa abantwana).
- Iqela lenguqu linceda ukuququzelela ukuthatha inxaxheba kolutsha kwimisebenzi yoluntu.
- Umnxibelelanisi wenguqu unceda usapho lolutsha ukuba lulungiselele ukubuyela kwakhe ekhaya (umz., ngokumisela izinto ezilindelekileyo ngokwenene, ngokubeka iliso ngokufanelekileyo kwimisebenzi yolutsha).
Ngeenkcukacha zakho
Ukubuyela ekhaya kunokuba nzima kusapho nakulutsha. Iingcebiso kusapho okanye unyango lunokuba luncedo kuwo omabini amaqela ukunceda ukugudisa inguqu. Kwakhona kunokuba yingenelo ukuba ulutsha lubuyela ekhaya ngokuthe ngcembe, luqala ngotyelelo olufutshane (umzekelo, iiyure ezimbini) yaye ngokuthe ngcembe lusiya kolude.
Emva kokhathalelo
Emva kokuba ulutsha lukhululwe kwi-JC setting, zonke iinkxaso zoluntu kunye neenkonzo ezichazwe kwisicwangciso senguqu kufuneka ziphunyezwe. Ngenxa yokuba uninzi lolutsha luhlala luphantsi kolawulo lwenkqubo yobulungisa yolutsha kangangexesha elithile emva kokukhululwa kwalo (ngokwesiqhelo iinyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezili-12), lungaqhubeka nokunxibelelana nomququzeleli wenguqu kunye neqela lotshintsho ukuze lufumane uncedo lokujongana nabuphi na ubunzima xa bunokuthi buvele. Injongo kukuba ulutsha luseke kwaye lugcine utshintsho oluyimpumelelo olubuyela kwindawo yoluntu. Eminye imisebenzi ephambili ibandakanya:
- Umququzeleli wenguqu ubeka esweni imisebenzi yolutsha (umzekelo, ukuhamba isikolo, ukusebenza komsebenzi, ukuzibandakanya kwasekhaya noluntu) emva kokukhululwa.
- Umququzeleli wenguqu kunye neqela lenguqu babonelela ngoncedo (umzekelo, iingcebiso ezongezelelweyo) xa kuvela ubunzima.
I-Leslie LaCroix ichaza indlela isicwangciso sotshintsho esiba namandla ngakumbi ngaphambi kokukhululwa kunye nendlela ulutsha olubekwe ngayo iliso ngexesha lokhathalelo lwasemva. Ezinye zeenkcukacha azikhankanyayo zisenokuba zizodwa kwindawo asebenza kuyo (ixesha: 1:47).
Leslie LaCroix, MAT
Ingcali yoTshintsho, iProjekthi RISE
IKholeji yootitshala baseMary Lou Fulton
KwiYunivesithi yaseArizona
Okubhaliweyo: Leslie LaCroix, MAT
Malunga nenyanga phambi kokuba bahambe, iinkonzo ziyanyuka. Ngaloo nyanga, sinokufola udliwano-ndlebe, siqiniseke ukuba umntwana unempahla efanelekileyo yokuya kudliwano-ndlebe, ukuba i-resume intle njengoko inokuba njalo, ukuba sinekopi yombhalo ongekho semthethweni ovela esikolweni, mhlawumbi amanye amaqabane ethu oluntu angakulungele ukwenza udliwano-ndlebe nomntwana okanye abavumele ukuba bahambe kunye nomsebenzi wosuku. Sinabantwana abaninzi abanomdla kubuchwephesha beemoto, umzekelo, kwaye sinamaqabane asekuhlaleni aneendawo zemoto. Ngoko sizama ukusebenzisana nabo.
Siyaqinisekisa ukuba iimfuno zabo zezothutho ziyafezekiswa ukuba bafuna iibhasi, iipasi zikaloliwe ezilula, nokuba yintoni na eza kubanceda bahambe. Kukho isicwangciso sengqawule kulo lonke ulutsha oluhamba phambi kweminyaka eli-18. Isicwangciso sengqawule sisivumelwano esibophelelayo ngokusemthethweni esisayinwa lulutsha, kwaye kukho intlaninge yeendidi kuso, imfundo, umsebenzi. Lonke ulutsha olukwingqawule kufuneka lwenza uvavanyo lweziyobisi ngeveki kunye nonxibelelwano kunye ne-PO, ngoko awukwazi ukushiya urhulumente. Xa zikhutshwa okokuqala, kukho ukubeka iliso okunzima kakhulu. Bafika qho ngeveki. Phakathi kwegosa lengqawule kunye nengcali yotshintsho, bayaqinisekisa ukuba umntwana ubhalisiwe esikolweni okanye bamncede afumane umsebenzi. Into esiyenzayo kukuba, sisithi ukuba uJohnny akabonakali emsebenzini, nantsi inombolo yam yomnxeba. Nceda undifownele. Oku sikwenza ngemfundo kananjalo. Ayingobaqeshi kuphela. Ukuba uJohnny akezi esikolweni, ndicela unditsalele umnxeba, kwaye ndiza kuqonda isizathu, kwaye ndiya kuqinisekisa ukuba uyafika.
Carlos
Njengoko uCarlos esondela kumhla wakhe wokuphuma, abasebenzi baseMaple Hill, ngokusebenzisana nesikolo esamkela isikolo, bacwangcisa iintsuku ezimbalwa apho uCarlos aya kutyelela isikolo sakhe esitsha. Ngexesha lotyelelo lokuqala olunjalo, uthatha inxaxheba kwintlanganiso ye-IEP, ebandakanya amalungu asuka eMaple Hill, kwakunye nasuka kwisikolo esamkelwayo. Iqela le-IEP lihlaziya isicwangciso sakhe sotshintsho somntu ngamnye ukujongana nomsebenzi wezifundo kunye namava okufunda asekelwe emsebenzini. Njengenxalenye ye-ITP kaCarlos, iqela liza kulungiselela ukuba abe nesithunzi kwingcali yekhompyutha yesikolo kanye ngeveki kwiholo yakhe yokufunda. Baza kuseka umsebenzi wethutyana wasemva kwesikolo kunye nevenkile yasekuhlaleni yokulungisa iikhompyutha apho aya kusebenza iiyure ezisibhozo ngeveki. Iqela livakalelwa kukuba oku kuya kunika uCarlos indawo entle nenemveliso ukuphuma kwesikolo. Kutyelelo lwakhe olulandelayo, udibana nomcebisi aze acwangcise ucwangciso lwakhe lwezifundo aze axubushe ngemisebenzi eyenziwa emva kwesikolo.
Kwakhona ekulungiseleleni ukuphuma kwenkqubo, amalungu eqela lenguqu eMaple Hill adibana ukuze acwangcise ezinye iinkcukacha zokukhululwa kukaCarlos. Balungiselela ukuba ahlale nomakhulu wakhe, obenempembelelo entle ebomini bakhe. Uya kuqhubeka nokucebisana nosapho kunye noyise esebenzisa iarhente yoluntu kwaye uya kuba notyelelo olujongwayo qho ngeveki. Ukongezelela, iqela liya kufumana umcebisi onokudibana noCarlos ubuncinane kanye ngeveki kwaye afumaneke ukuba amxhase xa kufuneka. Kule ntlanganiso, igosa lengqawule likaCarlos linika iinkcukacha malunga nokulindelweyo njengenxalenye yenkqubo yakhe yokukhathalela emva kokuba ekhululwe.
Cofa apha ukuze uphonononge isicwangciso sotshintsho sikaCarlos.
Qaphela: Ngeenjongo zalo mzekelo, isicwangciso sijongana kuphela notshintsho lukaCarlos ukusuka kwindawo ye-JC ukuya kuluntu. Njengomfundi okhubazekileyo, uCarlos uya kuba nesicwangciso senguqu yesibini esiza kujongana nemiba eyongezelelweyo yokutshintsha kwakhe, esingabandakanyi apha. Ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga nenkqubo yenguqu yesibini yabafundi abakhubazekileyo, nceda undwendwele iiModyuli ze-IRIS:
