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  • School Nurses: Roles and Responsibilities in the School Setting (Archived)
Challenge
Initial Thoughts
Perspectives & Resources

What are Mr. Logan’s roles and responsibilities, and what types of services should he provide in a school setting?

  • 1: Roles of the School Nurse
  • 2: Healthcare Services
  • 3: Section 504 Plans and Individualized Education Programs

What additional information would be important for Mr. Logan to know as a school nurse?

  • 4: Resources
  • 5: Advocacy
  • 6: Collaboration

Resources

  • 7: References & Additional Resources
  • 8: Credits
Wrap Up
Assessment
Provide Feedback

Resources

Page 7: References & Additional Resources

To cite this module, please use the following:

The IRIS Center. (2007). School nurses: Roles and responsibilities in the school setting. Retrieved from https://iris.peabody.vanderbilt.edu/module/nur01-personnel/

Resources

American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on School Health. (2001). The role of the school nurse in providing school health services. Pediatrics, 108(5), 1231–1232.

American Diabetes Association. (n.d.). Tips for teachers of students with diabetes. Retrieved May 7, 2007, from http://www.diabetes.org/uedocuments/TenTipsforTeachers.pdf

Basen-Engquist, K., Parcel, G., Harrist, R., Kirby, D., Coyle, K., Banspach, S., & Rugg, D. (1997).The safer choices project: Methodological issues in school-based health promotion intervention research. Journal of School Health, 67(9), 365–371.

Black, S. (2003). Prescription for learning: School nurses play a key role in student achievement – Or could, if there were enough of them. American School Board Journal. Retrieved September 20, 2006, from http://www.asbj.com/2003/03/0303research.html

Boswell, C., & Cannon, S. (2005). New horizons for collaborative partnerships. Retrieved May 2, 2007, from http://nursingworld.org/ojin/topic26/tpc26_2.htm

Brener, N. D., Burstein, G. R., DuShaw, M. L., Vernon, M. E., Wheeler, L., & Robinson, J.(2001). Health services: Results from the school health policies and programs study 2000. Journal of School Health, 71(7), 294–304.

Brown, D. M. (2004). Today’s school nurse: More than just a person who bandages knees. Education World [Online]. Retrieved August 25, 2005, from http://www.educationworld.com/a_admin/admin/admin146.shtml

Council for Exceptional Children (2002). Understanding the differences between IDEA and Section 504. Retrieved April 24, 2007, from http://www.ldonline.org/article/6086

Focusing Resources on Effective School Health. (2004). A fresh start to improving the quality and equity of education. Retrieved May 7, 2007, from http://www.freshschools.org/Pages/LinksDocuments.aspx

Gorman, L., Raines, M., & Sultan, D. (2002). Psychosocial nursing for general patient care. Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Company.

Heller, K. W., Fredrick, L. D., Best, S., Dykes, M. K., & Cohen, E. T. (2000). Specialized healthcare procedures in the schools: Training and service delivery. Exceptional Children, 66(2), 173–186.

Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation International. (2007). A child with type 1 diabetes is in your care. Retrieved May 7, 2007, from http://www.jdrg.org/index.cfm?page_id=103522

Lewis, K., & Bear, B. (2002). Manual of school health. Philadelphia: Elsevier Science.

National Association of School Nurses. (2005). School health nursing services role in healthcare: Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973. Retrieved March 20, 2007, from http://www.nasn.org/Default.aspx?tabid=280

National Association of School Nurses. (2004a). Position Statement: Emergency care plans for students with special healthcare needs. Retrieved May 7, 2007, from http://www.nasn.org/Default.aspx?tabid=220

National Association of School Nurses (2004b). Privacy standards for student health records. Retrieved November 30, 2006, from http://www.nasn.org/Default.aspx?tabid=277

National Association of School Nurses. (2003). School nursing services role in health care: School nursing management of students with chronic healthcare. Retrieved March 28, 2007, from http://www.nasn.org/Default.aspx?tabid=226

National Association of School Nurses. (2002a). School health nursing services role in healthcare: Role of the school nurse. Retrieved March 8, 2007, from http://www.nasn.org/Default.aspx?tabid=279

National Association of School Nurses. (2002b). School health nursing services role in healthcare: School nurses and the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. Retrieved April 18, 2003, from http://www.nasn.org/Default.aspx?tabid=274

National Association of School Nurses. (2002c). Position Statement: The school nurse and specialized healthcare services. Retrieved May 7, 2007, from http://www.nasn.org/Default.aspx?tabid=249

National Association of School Nurses. (2002d). Using assistive personnel in school health services programs. Retrieved April 18, 2003, from http://www.nasn.org/Default.aspx?tabid=201

National Association of School Nurses. (2001). Issue Brief: School health nursing services role in healthcare: Inclusion. Retrieved March 20, 2007, from http://www.nasn.org/Default.aspx?tabid=273

National Dissemination Center for Children with Disabilities (2001). Related services. Retrieved November 29, 2006, from http://www.nichcy.org/EducateChildren/IEP/Pages/RelatedServices.aspx

NursingWorld. (1998, May/ June). National center at ANF addresses school nurse issues. Retrieved May 7, 2007, from http://www.nursingworld.org/tan/98mayjun/schnurse.htm

Rosenfield, S. J. (n.d.) Section 504 and IDEA: Basic similarities and differences. Retrieved September 20, 2006, from http://www.wrightslaw.com/advoc/articles/504_IDEA_Rosenfield.html

Schwab. N., & Gelfman, M. (2001). Legal issues in school health services. North Branch, MN: Sunrise River Press.

Silkworth, C. K., Arnold, M. J., Harrigan, J., & Zaiger, D. (2005). Individualized healthcare plans for the school nurse: Concepts, frameworks, issues and applications for school nursing practice. North Branch, NM: Sunrise River Press.

Smith, D. D. (2007). Disabilities and special education: Making a difference. In Introduction to special education: Making a difference (pp. 3–39). Boston: Pearson Education, Inc.

United States Department of Education. (n.d.). Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA). Retrieved March 3, 2007, from http://www.ed.gov/policy/gen/guid/fpco/ferpa/index.html

University of Minnesota. (2005). Evidence-based healthcare research project. Retrieved May 11, 2005, from http://evidence.ahc.umn.edu/ebn.htm

Additional Resources

Articles

Black, S. (2003). Prescription for learning: School nurses play a key role in student achievement—Or could, if there were enough of them. American School Board Journal, 190(3).

This article begins with a general overview of the role and importance of the school nurse in promoting children’s health and, therefore, their education. It then continues to provide statistics from the National Association of School Nurses on the different student-to-nurse ratios throughout the country. To encourage support for hiring more school nurses, the article also includes a model for a comprehensive school health program (provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) and details on Missouri’s three-tier plan to improve student health services. Researchers cited in the article stated that a 750:1 student-to-nurse ratio is ideal.

Health and Health Care in Schools. (2003, June). The impact of FERPA and HIPAA on privacy protections for health information at school: Questions from readers. Retrieved September 20, 2005, from http://www.healthinschools.org/static/ejournal/2003/june_print.aspx

This journal supplement offers a question-and-answer format provided by the Center for Health and Health Care in Schools, covering several topics related to the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) privacy regulations and to the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA). Dialogues are provided on categories including FERPA/HIPAA interface, sharing immunization information according to FERPA and HIPAA, FERPA and “legitimate educational interests,” the definition of a “HIPAA transaction,” and other miscellaneous questions.

Moses, M., Gilchrest, C., Schwab, N. C. (2005, February). Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act: Determining eligibility and implications for school districts. The Journal of School Nursing, 21(1), 48–58.

In this article, the authors examine the legal and practical implications of Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act for school districts dealing with students with chronic health conditions. Which students are eligible under the statute? What are the relevant legal precedents? Besides answer these questions, the authors suggest alternatives means through which to meet the needs of students whose conditions do not fall under Section 504.

National Forum on Education Statistics. (n.d.) FERPA/HIPAA Quiz. Retrieved May 3, 2022 from https://nces.ed.gov/forum/dataqualitycourse/pdf/4_Study_Guide.pdf.

This resource offers a brief overview of FERPA and HIPAA, as well as a quiz with a detailed answer key. Topics covered include school nurse records, immunization records, HIPAA transactions, and more.

Smolkin, Rachel. (2003). Rx for school nursing: Some districts are trying creative approaches to fill critical nursing needs. School Administrator, January 2003. Retrieved September 20, 2005, from https://www.aasa.org/SchoolAdministratorArticle.aspx?id=9316

The article discusses reasons and solutions for the growing lack of school nurses. According to the article, budgetary problems, an insufficient number of nurses, and more complex student health concerns are some of the reasons why school leaders are having to use creative means to provide their students with healthcare services. Some of the recommendations include training school leaders to give out medicines, utilizing health assistants who do not have nursing licenses, enticing retired nurses to return to schools part-time, soliciting local medical students to volunteer services, and taking advantage of funding and programs provided by a variety of local health agencies and national health organizations.

Online Resources

American Diabetes Association https://www.diabetes.org/ The American Diabetes Association website provides a wealth of information on diabetes.

Information includes everything from diabetes prevention to nutrition and recipes. There are sections for audiences such as parents and kids, or health professionals and scientists.

Health, Mental Health and Safety Guidelines for Schools https://www.aap.org/

The website provides information on various health and mental health service topics, including student assistance teams, student access to a certified school nurse, staff trained for emergencies, health-related case management, individualized health services plans, and protocols for special medical procedures, among others. For each category, the website includes an explanation, a rationale, commentary, references, and related guidelines.

Center for Parent Information & Resources https://www.parentcenterhub.org/resourcelibrary/index/ab/

The website features an extensive list of readings and resources related to children with special needs. The list is divided into categories for easy reference; topics on the site include accommodations, disabilities, parent support, and related services, among others.

National Association of School Nurses https://www.nasn.org/home

The National Association of School Nurses (NASN) states its purpose is to “advance the delivery of professional school health services to promote optimal health and learning in students.” Its website provides issue briefs, position statements, definitions of roles, publications, and various resource links related to school nursing. The association hosts an active online community through its site, and visitors can find updated information on certification, legislations, grants and awards, state affiliate organizations, and discussion lists. A site map is available to help visitors sort through the many topics and categories covered on the site.

National Board for Certification of School Nurses https://www.nbcsn.org

NBCSN describes itself as “an independently incorporated organization established for the purpose of developing and implementing the voluntary certification process of school nurses…[working] in collaboration with the National Association of School Nurses” to “create uniformity in nursing certification and to increase public awareness of the value of quality certification to healthcare” The organizations website is a repository of information related to certification and credentialing and nursing standards. It also offers an online newsletter and a member’s section.

National Mental Health Association https://www.mhanational.org/

NMHA, the country’s oldest and largest nonprofit organization addressing all aspects of mental health and mental illness according to its website, posts a variety of information online. The website features news; how to find local affiliates and mental health professionals; links to treatment, resources, and support groups; FAQs and answers; the NMHA newsletter, and also tips for parents. Also included on the site, sections on children and family advocacy and fact sheets on children’s mental health offer useful research and information for caregivers.

School Health Alert https://www.schoolnurse.com/

The Internet version of the school-health publication School Health Alert, Schoolnurse.com features articles, top research topics, and a variety of links on its home page. Visitors can find information on medical supplies, publications, and e-learning, and they can also explore the site’s library, bookstore, forum, and fun-stuff page, in addition to research. By selecting “School Nurse Associations” on the Links page, visitors can connect to national and state association websites for more information on each state’s nursing requirements.

United Cerebral Palsy https://ucp.org/

United Cerebral Palsy (UCP) is a nationwide organization that disseminates information on cerebral palsy. The website features a section titled “National News, Topics & Events,” which allows visitors to view various articles regarding cerebral palsy issues across the nation. The website has numerous links on education, employment, health and wellness, housing, parenting and families, product and services, transportation or travel.

Parent informational websites:

  • Beach Center on Disability website: https://beachcenter.lsi.ku.edu/
  • Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA): https://www2.ed.gov/policy/gen/guid/fpco/ferpa/index.html
  • Federation for Children with Special Needs website: https://fcsn.org/
  • New to Disability? Center for Parent Information and Resources https://www.parentcenterhub.org/new-to-disability/
  • Welcome to Holland website: http://www.our-kids.org/archives/Holland.html
  • Wrightslaw website: https://www.wrightslaw.com//

Links to other professional roles at IEP meetings:

  • School Counselors: What do they do? https://www.schoolcounselor.org/
  • Speech Language Therapists: What do they do? https://www.asha.org/
  • Teachers: Dept. of Education: What do they do? http://www.ed.gov/index.jhtml
  • What Special Education Teachers Do https://www.bls.gov/ooh/education-training-and-library/special-education-teachers.htm#tab-2
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